Masthead_Gloucester_Kearn.jpg
Posts in Postwar New York
New York City “600” Schools and the Legacy of Segregation in Special Education

New York City “600” Schools and the Legacy of Segregation in Special Education

By Francine Almash

In 1947 the New York City Board of Education announced the first centralized program for delinquent and maladjusted youth, known as the “600” schools (for their number designation). The “600” schools were the result of coordinated efforts beginning in the 1920s that linked the NYC Board of Education, the Bureau of Educational Measurements, which promoted psychological testing to aid in the education of “emotionally handicapped” children, and the New York City Children’s Courts, which gave judges the authority to act as surrogate parents to a growing number of “at-risk” youth.

Read More
“The Avant-Groove”: Excerpt from No Sounds Are Forbidden: Music, Noise, and the Eclipse of American Modernism.

“The Avant-Groove”: Excerpt from No Sounds Are Forbidden

By Matthew Friedman

Morton Subotnick arrived in New York in the fall of 1966 already a giant of the burgeoning avant-garde music scene. Together with composer Ramon Sender, a tape recorder, scattered equipment borrowed from a local high school or through a fortuitous connection with the local Ampex representative, and support from Mills College, he had built the San Francisco Tape Music Center into a force in electronic music rivaling the Columbia-Princeton Electronic Music Center (CPEMC), uptown.

Read More
New Collections From the CUNY Digital History Archive

New Collections From the CUNY Digital History Archive

By Stephen Brier

The CUNY Digital History Archive (CDHA), created in 2013 by the American Social History Project/Center for Media and Learning at the CUNY Graduate Center, is committed to preserving and presenting on an open publicly accessible website the history of the City University of New York. Over the past eight years, a number of CUNY faculty, staff, graduate students, and alumni have created a series of curated collections of primary historical sources materials on key moments in CUNY’s rich history.

Read More
Review: Christopher Hayes’s The Harlem Uprising: Segregation and Inequality in Postwar New York City

Decline, Rebellion, and Police Politics: Rethinking the Dissolution of New York’s Civil Rights Coalition

Reviewed by Joseph Kaplan

In his final book before his life was taken by an assassin’s bullet, Martin Luther King Jr. reflected on the state of the Civil Rights Movement and the conditional allyship of whites. According to King, whites generally believed “that American society is essentially hospitable to fair play and to steady growth toward a middle-class Utopia embodying racial harmony.” Emerging from a decade of unprecedented mobility in which a highly unionized white labor force entered the middle class en masse, many viewed the Civil Rights Movement as part of the unbroken march of progress.

Read More
The Journalism of Style: How New York’s Fashion Editors Set The Stage For Fashion Reporting

The Journalism of Style: How New York’s Fashion Editors Set The Stage For Fashion Reporting

By Kimberly Wilmot Voss

New York City’s deep fashion history created the foundation for the American fashion industry, though often missing from that story is the influence of newspaper fashion editors. Within the first few decades of the 20th century, these editors began to forge important shifts on how the fashion industry was reported on and who got to do that very reporting. For example, in the 1930s, when only fashion magazine reporters and store buyers were permitted in fashion shows, Milwaukee Journal fashion editor Aileen Ryan elbowed her way into New York City shows by simply ignoring the rule.

Read More
Did All Jews Become White Folks?: A Fortress in Brooklyn and Hasidic Williamsburg

Did All Jews Become White Folks?:
A Fortress in Brooklyn and Hasidic Williamsburg

Reviewed by Gabe S. Tennen

In A Fortress in Brooklyn: Race, Real Estate, and the Makings of Hasidic Williamsburg, Nathaniel Deutsch and Michael Casper add an important wrinkle into prevalent understandings of American Jewish history. Deutsch and Casper focus their text on the Hasidic Satmar sect and its creation of a “holy city of Jerusalem” in one corner of north Brooklyn, tracing that community from its nascent beginnings in the 1940s into the 21st century. By offering a detailed and crisply written account of this often discussed but largely underexamined group, the authors provide a caveat to nearly fifty years of scholarship.

Read More
“We Accuse”: The Harlem Rebellion, Bill Epton’s Anti-Carceral Activism, and the rise of the Surveillance State 

“We Accuse”: The Harlem Rebellion, Bill Epton’s Anti-Carceral Activism, and the rise of the Surveillance State

By Joseph Kaplan

On July 16th, 1964, a mere three weeks after the passage of the Civil Rights Act, off-duty police officer Thomas Gilligan shot and killed fifteen-year-old Black student James Powell outside of Harlem’s Robert Wagner Junior High School. Gilligan claimed that he shot the 5’6” 122-pound Powell in self-defense when the teenager charged him with a knife, a claim disputed by several of Powell’s classmates. While the events of that day remain contested, there is firm agreement that this was the spark for the first major urban rebellion of the 1960s.

Read More
“Completion by Contrast”: Architecture and Sculpture in Postwar New York

“Completion by Contrast”: Architecture and Sculpture in Postwar New York

By Donald Albrecht and Thomas Mellins

In the March 30, 1963 issue of the New Yorker, art critic and historian Calvin Tomkins profiled sculptor Richard Lippold, whom he described as “by all odds, the busiest artist now working predominantly in collaboration with architects.”

Read More
The History of Gambling and the Future of Marijuana

The History of Gambling and the Future of Marijuana

By Matthew Vaz

With recreational marijuana crossing over to legalization in New York State, there is authentic optimism that the new system of regulation will be of benefit to the communities that have long been targeted by discriminatory policing. While these developments are encouraging, New York’s history with transforming illicit activity into budgetary salvation gives reason for caution. The largest endeavor of this kind was the tortured legalization of numbers gambling by the New York State Lottery, a historical process which featured many of the same themes of race, exclusion, and budget crisis.

Read More